Make the dough. Add the warm milk, yeast, and 1 teaspoon of the sugar to the bowl of a stand mixer. Stir, then let sit for 5–10 minutes, until foamy.
200 g whole milk, 7 g active dry yeast, 75 g granulated sugar
Add the remaining sugar, sourdough discard, egg, egg yolk, softened butter, flour, and salt. Mix with the dough hook on low speed until a shaggy dough forms. Increase to medium-low and knead for 8–10 minutes, until the dough is smooth, elastic, and slightly tacky. It should pull away from the sides of the bowl but still feel soft.
100 g sourdough discard, 1 large egg, 1 large egg yolk, 100 g unsalted butter, 480 g all-purpose flour, 8 g fine sea salt
Let the dough rise. Shape the dough into a ball and place it in a lightly greased bowl. Cover and let rise in a warm place until doubled in size, about 60–90 minutes.
Make the filling and shape the rolls. Grease or line a 9x13-inch baking pan with parchment paper. In a small bowl, mix together the softened butter, brown sugar, cinnamon, salt, heavy cream, and vanilla until a thick, spreadable paste forms.
113 g unsalted butter, 170 g dark brown sugar, 18 g ground cinnamon, ¼ teaspoon fine sea salt, 1 tablespoon heavy cream, ½ teaspoon vanilla extract
Punch down the risen dough and turn it onto a lightly floured surface. Roll it into an 18x12-inch rectangle. Spread the cinnamon filling evenly over the dough, leaving a small border along one long edge.
Starting with the long side, roll the dough into a tight log. Use unflavored dental floss or a sharp knife to cut the log into 12 equal rolls. Arrange them in the prepared pan.
Let the rolls rise again. Cover the pan loosely and let the rolls rise until puffy and touching, about 30–45 minutes. Near the end of the rise, preheat the oven to 350°F.
Bake the cinnamon rolls. For extra gooey bakery-style rolls, pour the warm heavy cream around the risen rolls just before baking. Bake for 22–28 minutes, until the tops are lightly golden and the center rolls reach about 190–195°F. Do not overbake.
60–80 g heavy cream
Make the frosting. While the rolls cool slightly, beat the cream cheese and butter together until smooth and fluffy. Add the powdered sugar, vanilla, chai spice, salt, and 1 tablespoon milk or cream. Beat until creamy, adding another tablespoon of milk only if needed.
113 g cream cheese, 113 g unsalted butter, 345 g powdered sugar, 2 teaspoons vanilla extract, 2 teaspoons chai spice mix, 1-2 tbsp whole milk or heavy cream, Pinch of fine sea salt
Spread the frosting over the warm cinnamon rolls and serve immediately.
Notes
Use soft, active sourdough discard. Cold discard can slow the rise slightly, so let it sit at room temperature before mixing when possible.Do not overflour the dough. It should feel tacky but manageable. Adding too much flour is the fastest way to make cinnamon rolls dry. For overnight rolls: After shaping, cover the pan tightly and refrigerate overnight.Let the rolls sit at room temperature for 60–90 minutes, or until puffy, before baking.Storage: Store frosted rolls covered at room temperature for up to 2 days or refrigerated for up to 5 days. Warm individual rolls briefly before serving.Freezing: Freeze baked, unfrosted rolls tightly wrapped for up to 2 months. Thaw overnight, warm, then frost.